1.Ke eng PCB Electroplating?
PCB electroplating e bolela mokhoa oa ho beha lera la tšepe holim'a PCB ho fumana khokahanyo ea motlakase, phetisetso ea matšoao, ho qhala mocheso le mesebetsi e meng. Traditional DC electroplating e na le mathata a joalo ka ho se lekane ha ho koaheloa hantle, botebo bo sa lekaneng ba poleiti, le litlamorao tse mpe, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea li-PCB tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka liboto tsa High-Density Interconnect (HDI) le Flexible Printed Circuits (FPC). Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse fetohang ka maqhubu a phahameng li fetola matla a AC a motlakase ho ea ho maqhubu a phahameng a AC, a ntan'o lokisoa le ho tlhotloa ho hlahisa DC e tsitsitseng kapa hona joale. Maqhubu a ts'ebetso ea bona a ka fihla ho mashome kapa makholo a kilohertz, a fetang hole maqhubu a matla (50/60Hz) a phepelo ea motlakase ea DC. Sebopeho sena sa maqhubu a phahameng se tlisa melemo e mengata ho PCB electroplating.
2.Melemo ea phepelo ea Matla a Phetoho e Phahameng e Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa ho PCB Electroplating
Ntlafatso ea Coating Uniformity: "Phello ea letlalo" ea maqhubu a maqhubu a phahameng a etsa hore hona joale e tsepamise maikutlo holim'a mokhanni, ka katleho e ntlafatse ho ts'oana ha seaparo le ho fokotsa liphello tsa bohale. Sena se bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho rala meaho e rarahaneng joalo ka mela e metle le likoti tse nyane.
Bokhoni bo ntlafetseng bo tebileng ba ho roala: Maqhubu a maqhubu a phahameng a ka phunyeletsa maboteng a lesoba hamolemo, a eketsa botenya le ho tšoana ha plating ka har'a masoba, a kopanang le litlhoko tsa plating bakeng sa karo-karolelano e phahameng.
Keketseho ea Ts'ebetso ea Electroplating: Litšobotsi tsa karabelo tse potlakileng tsa phepelo ea motlakase e feto-fetohang hangata li thusa taolo e nepahetseng ea hajoale, e fokotsa nako ea ho pola le ho eketsa katleho ea tlhahiso.
Tšebeliso e Fokotseng ea Matla: Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse feto-fetohang hangata li na le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho fetolela le tšebeliso e tlase ea matla, e tsamaellanang le mokhoa oa tlhahiso e tala.
Bokhoni ba Pulse Plating: Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse feto-fetohang hangata li ka hlahisa hona joale habonolo, tse nolofalletsang pulse electroplating. Pulse plating e ntlafatsa boleng ba ho roala, e eketsa sekhahla sa ho roala, e fokotsa porosity, 'me e fokotsa tšebeliso ea li-additives.
3.Mehlala ea Likopo tsa Phepelo ea Matla a Phahameng a Fetohang a Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa ho PCB Electroplating
A. Copper Plating: Electroplating ea koporo e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa PCB ho etsa lera la conductive la potoloho. High-frequency switching rectifiers fana ka sekhahla se nepahetseng sa hajoale, se netefatsa ho beoa ha lesela le ts'oanang la koporo le ho ntlafatsa boleng le ts'ebetso ea lera le petelitsoeng.
B. Kalafo ea Bokahohle: Liphekolo tsa sefahleho tsa PCB, tse kang khauta kapa silevera, le tsona li hloka matla a tsitsitseng a DC. Li-switch-frequency switching rectifiers li ka fana ka hona joale le voltage e nepahetseng bakeng sa litšepe tse fapaneng tsa plating, ho netefatsa boreleli le ho hanyetsa ha kutu.
C. Chemical Plating: plating ea lik'hemik'hale e etsoa ntle le hona joale, empa mokhoa ona o na le litlhoko tse thata bakeng sa mocheso le boima ba hona joale. High-frequency switching rectifiers e ka fana ka matla a thusang bakeng sa ts'ebetso ena, ho thusa ho laola litekanyetso tsa ho pola.
4.Mokhoa oa ho Fumana Lintlha tsa Phepelo ea Matla a PCB Electroplating
Litlhaloso tsa phepelo ea motlakase ea DC e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho etsa motlakase oa PCB e ipapisitse le lintlha tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa le mofuta oa ts'ebetso ea electroplating, boholo ba PCB, sebaka sa ho pola, litlhoko tsa hona joale tsa letsoalo, le katleho ea tlhahiso. Ka tlase ke lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa le lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa phepelo ea motlakase:
A. Litlhaloso tsa Hona Joale
● Boima ba Hona Joale: Boitšoaro ba hona joale ba PCB electroplating hangata bo tloha ho 1-10 A/dm² (ampere per square decimeter), ho itšetlehile ka mokhoa oa electroplating (mohlala, koporo ea koporo, khauta ea khauta, nickel plating) le litlhoko tsa ho roala.
● Kakaretso ea Tlhokahalo ea Hona Joale: Kakaretso ea tlhoko ea hajoale e baloa ho latela sebaka sa PCB le boima ba hona joale. Ka mohlala:
⬛Haeba sebaka sa ho pola sa PCB e le 10 dm² mme boima ba hajoale ke 2 A/dm², kakaretso e hlokahalang hajoale e tla ba 20 A.
⬛Bakeng sa li-PCB tse kholo kapa tlhahiso e kholo, ho ka hlokahala li-ampere tse makholo a 'maloa kapa ho feta hona joale.
Mekhahlelo e Tloaelehileng ea Hona Joale:
●Li-PCB tse nyenyane kapa tšebeliso ea laboratori: 10-50 A
● Tlhahiso ea PCB e mahareng: 50-200 A
● Li-PCB tse kholo kapa lihlahisoa tse ngata: 200-1000 A kapa ho feta
B. Litlhaloso tsa Voltage
⬛PCB electroplating ka kakaretso e hloka li-voltages tse tlase, hangata li le maemong a 5-24 V.
⬛ Litlhoko tsa motlakase li itšetlehile ka lintlha tse kang ho hanyetsa ha bate ea plating, sebaka se pakeng tsa li-electrode, le conductivity ea electrolyte.
⬛Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng (mohlala, pulse plating), maqhubu a phahameng a motlakase (joalo ka 30-50 V) a ka hlokahala.
Mekhahlelo e Tloaelehileng ea Voltage:
● E tloaelehileng ea DC electroplating: 6-12 V
● Pulse plating kapa mekhoa e khethehileng: 12-24 V kapa holimo
Mefuta ea Phepelo ea Matla
● DC Power Supply: E sebelisetsoa ho etsa electroplating e tloaelehileng ea DC, ho fana ka hona joale le motlakase o tsitsitseng.
● Phepelo ea Matla a Pulse: E sebelisoa bakeng sa pulse electroplating, e khonang ho ntša maqhubu a maqhubu a phahameng a maqhubu ho ntlafatsa boleng ba plating.
● Phepelo ea Matla a Phetoho e Phahameng ea Maiketsetso: Ts'ebetso e phahameng le karabelo e potlakileng, e loketseng litlhoko tse phahameng tsa electroplating.
C.Matla a Phepelo ea Matla
Matla a phepelo ea matla (P) a khethoa ke hona joale (I) le voltage (V), ka foromo: P = I × V.
Ka mohlala, motlakase o hlahisang 100 A ho 12 V o tla ba le matla a 1200 W (1.2 kW).
Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Matla:
● Thepa e nyenyane: 500 W - 2 kW
● Thepa ea boholo bo bohareng: 2 kW - 10 kW
● Thepa e kholo: 10 kW - 50 kW kapa ho feta
Nako ea poso: Feb-13-2025
